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NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA

UNIVERSITY VILLAGE, PLOT 91, CASDASTRAL ZONE, NNAMDI AZIKIWE EXPRESS WAY, JABI, ABUJA.
FACULTY OF SCIENCES
JUNE/JULY 2013 EXAMINATION

COURSE CODE:    BIO306

COURSE TITLE:     GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY II

TIME ALLOWED: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTION:     ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS

 1ai. Enumerate the factors affecting imbibition.

     ii. Describe the consequences of plasmolysis.

1bi. Outline the common defects of the eye.

    ii. Briefly explain the following:

  1. mechanism of hearing
  2. perception of body balance

2ai. Enumerate the osmotic challenges animals in the freshwater environment face.

   ii. Highlight the factors affecting evaporative water loss in terrestrial animals.

bi. How do terrestrial animals overcome the problems of water loss and water gains

ii. Write short notes on the following nitrogenous waste products:

  1. ammonia
  2. urea
  3. uric acid

3ai. Outline the kinds of water available to plants in the soil.

   ii. Differentiate between transpiration and evaporation.

  1. Discuss how certain factors affect the rate of water absorption in plants.

4ai. Define the term osmoregulation.

 ii. Distinguish between osmoconformers and osmosregulators.

 bi. Explain the need for osmoregulation in animals.

  ii. Describe the relationship between osmotic equilibrium and ionic composition of marine animals.

 5ai. What do you understand by the term excretory organ?

   ii Outline the functions of the mammalian kidney.

b. Briefly describe the urinary disorders you know

6ai. List the factors affecting stomatal opening and closing.

   ii. Explain the mechanism of guttation.

b. What is the significance of the following?

(i) diffusion

(ii) osmosis


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